SSB Awareness Series : The Non-Governmental Organisations in India

In India several Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) can be set up under different laws. NGOs can be of different forms as they are created as per their work and objectives towards the society. NGOs are basically institutions owned by any private individuals or a group of people unlike govern organizations. Its main objective is to serve people for different issues. The individuals holding the authority are volunteers and can quit the institution by their own will. As government has no authority or claim on any activity of such organizations these are directed by individuals only.

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            Funding: NGOs are funded by individuals both living inside and outside the country. NGOs also seek financial assistance from the government with a promise of using it in public interest.

            Different Forms of NGOs: Let’s find out different kinds of NGOs those can be formed under Indian law and understand them briefly.

1.      Trust: There are two kinds of trusts named as public trust and private trust.

Public trusts are created for public charity purposes. They are registered under Public Charitable Trust Act. There is no national law or act for this. The trusts are registered under one state and can be in multiple numbers of states.

Private trusts are created by the Indian Trusts Act 1882. It aims at managing private or religious people.

2.      Non-profit companies are also NGOs registered under Companies Act 2013. The objectives of the companies may be promoting commerce, art, science, religion or to do charity.

3.      Co-operative Societies: These are also formed as NGOs to ease the life of farmers and other small firm owners. They are of two types’ i.e. co-operative societies and multistate co-operative societies.

Co-operative societies are formed under Co-operative Credit Societies Act 1904. The work of such organizations is to give loan to poor farmers with less interest.

Multistate Co-operative Societies are formed under the Multistate Society Act 2002 which substitutes the earlier statute of 1984. The functions of such co-operative societies are proliferated over many states. The objective of such societies is almost same as the co-operative societies.

4.      Trade Unions: Trade unions are generally made by trading firms or individuals by a consensus among the involved individuals or trading firms. The main objectives of these unions are to make a good relationship among the firms or between employers and employees. These also provide restrictions for doing certain thing while doing business.

5.      Religious bodies are frequently recorded as NGOs in our country.

No doubt NGOs have hand in charity and service in public interest. But there are more NGOs working against the country. Funds received by NGOs are used by separatists or they are simply used to create agitation, violence, riots and even in terrorist activities all over the countries. These funds are used to play bad political games around the country also.

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Intelligence Bureau reported that Greenpeace, a NGO having over 40 offices all over the world is trying to take down India’s coal fired power plants and coal mining activity by using foreign funds. It uses the funds to hold campaigns, rallies and strikes against the coal mining industries. Apart from that Indian government has cancelled over 20,000 licenses of different NGOs. Over 42,000 were under watch by IB for allegation of using the foreign funds somewhere other than the required field.   

The economic impact of such NGOs is severe. Following are some of those ill effects described briefly.

·         NGOs launch protests against the new government schemes and projects finding different excuses. They spend a lot of money to create agitation among the public against those projects. They also continuously aggravate the violent situation. Thus it stalls the economic development.

·         NGOs create hate and violence among castes and religions by organizing campaigns.

·         The so called NGOs working in our country in people’s interest highlight the scholar-turned-activists to provoke public against some government schemes. The so called activists also provoke people against neighboring countries.

·         These organizations in India are also used by Western Governments as field reporters. They file records against India to make strategic plans against it, says IB report.

·         Funds imported through NGOs are also used to play bad political games. Some Western Governments also allegedly involved in such activities to influence the political results.

·         NGOs are also responsible for the hoarding of black money.         

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NGOs being owned and governed the by the individuals among us can do a lot for the sake of our country. They can solve a lot of problems those are either ignored by the government or do not come to the sight of the government. But it is a matter of pity that the NGOs are being used for bad means though they were formed for the good. 

About the Author: Saurabh Bhoi belongs to Sambalpur, a city in Odisha. He is a B.Com and an Ex-NCC cadet holding C certificate with Alfa grade. He loves mountaineering and do participate in expeditions time to time. Since his childhood he was highly fascinated by the life of an army officer and would like to serve in the army as an officer as soon as possible.